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Basements that are below grade do develop hairline cracks, which can be aggravated by excess water or snow build up against the walls of the house. As for the white stuff--that's efflorescence! Before calling in a professional, take a look at the following maintenance suggestions.

  Process of Elimination:
· Check all eavestroughs and downspouts to make sure they are clear of debris and running freely.
· All down spouts should be extended at least 3 feet away from the foundation so as to direct water away from your basement walls.
· The grade around your home should be sloped away from the foundation where possible.
· Window wells, with or without drains, should be free of all debris to prevent water from flooding the window wells and penetrating into your basement.

These measures should be taken to prevent any unnecessary pressure build up on the walls of the basement. If your problem is not resolved, it's time to call in a professional. Don't worry; it's usually not as bad as you think!